Recently, Horse Powertrain—a joint venture between Geely and Renault—unveiled the H12 Concept, a new hybrid engine developed in collaboration with Spain’s Repsol. The engine achieves a remarkably low fuel consumption of just 3.3 liters per 100 kilometers. As an upgraded version of the HR12, it features a high compression ratio of 17:1 and incorporates exhaust gas recirculation, high-energy ignition, and low-friction design. When powered by Repsol’s renewable fuel, it delivers 40% lower fuel consumption compared to conventional engines in its class and achieves a thermal efficiency of 44.2%. In a mid-size vehicle application, it can reduce CO₂ emissions by approximately 1.77 tons compared to traditional gasoline engines. The CEO of Horse Powertrain emphasized a technology-neutral strategy, advocating for the parallel advancement of multiple decarbonization pathways—including battery electric, hybrid, range-extended, and low-carbon fuels. Additionally, Horse Powertrain has already launched two hybrid systems capable of converting battery-electric vehicles into range-extended models and plans to develop a more compact three-cylinder engine tailored for smaller vehicle platforms.