Tesla has made significant progress in动力电池 manufacturing by implementing dry-electrode cathode technology in the mass production of its 4680 battery cells. This innovation eliminates the need for toxic liquid solvents used in conventional wet-coating processes, along with the associated high-energy drying ovens and solvent recovery systems. As a result, electrode production costs are nearly halved, and the manufacturing process is significantly simplified. By leveraging a proprietary binder system that combines Teflon and PVDF to create a microscopic web-like structure, Tesla can bind active material particles together without solvents, forming a flexible, self-supporting electrode film. Additionally, the use of larger active material particles keeps the binder content below 2%, ensuring excellent lithium-ion conductivity. The new process reduces the number of calendering steps from ten to three, tripling production efficiency. Eliminating the drying and solvent recovery stages allows battery gigafactories to reduce their footprint by up to 50% and cut equipment investment by over 40%. Testing data shows that batteries produced using this dry-electrode process retain approximately 90% of their initial capacity after 2,000 charge-discharge cycles. Tesla’s Gigafactory Texas is already mass-producing 4680 cells with fully dry electrodes, which are being installed in select Model Y vehicles assembled at the Austin factory. The company plans to gradually extend this technology to the Cybertruck, Cybercab, and Semi electric truck between 2026 and 2027.