Chinese Academy of Sciences Team Achieves Breakthrough in Black Phosphorus Batteries: 80% Charge in 10 Minutes, Energy Density Hits 282 Wh/kg

A research team led by Ma Yanwei at the Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has made significant progress in the fields of new-energy vehicles and large-scale energy storage systems. Addressing the challenge that conventional graphite anode materials are approaching their performance limits, the team proposed a lattice-based phosphorus-nitrogen (P–N) bond engineering strategy, effectively overcoming key issues associated with black phosphorus anodes—such as poor electrical conductivity, sluggish reaction kinetics, and severe volume expansion during charge/discharge cycles. This strategy precisely constructs P–N bonds within the black phosphorus lattice, weakening the covalent character of adjacent phosphorus–phosphorus (P–P) bonds, thereby accelerating charge transport and significantly enhancing conversion reaction kinetics. Leveraging this approach, the team successfully developed a pouch-type battery using black phosphorus as the anode and lithium iron phosphate (LFP) as the cathode, achieving an energy density of 282 watt-hours per kilogram (Wh/kg). Test results show that under high-rate charging conditions, the battery can be charged to 80% of its theoretical capacity within just 10 minutes and maintains stable operation even after thousands of charge/discharge cycles, demonstrating outstanding fast-charging capability and cycling durability. This breakthrough offers a new technological pathway for developing high-energy-density, high-power energy storage devices and holds promise for advancing fast-charging traction batteries, grid-scale energy storage systems, and specialized high-rate energy storage equipment.