Multiple Automakers Launch Electrochromic Privacy Glass, Turning Auto Glass into New Smart Cockpit Battleground

Recently, flagship models set to launch—including the NIO ES9, XPeng GX, and Aito M9—have all adopted electrochromic privacy glass as a core feature. This technology enables automotive glass to actively adjust its light transmittance, delivering functions such as sun protection, heat insulation, privacy, acoustic quietness, and a heightened sense of technological sophistication. Over the past century, automotive glass has evolved significantly—from simple flat glass used solely for wind deflection to laminated and tempered safety glass, and further to integrated solutions offering thermal and acoustic comfort. Starting in 2005, electrochromic (EC) technology began appearing in premium vehicles and aerospace applications. In 2021, Zeekr’s 001 became the first mass-produced vehicle to feature an EC dimmable panoramic roof. By the end of 2025, the technology will have advanced to its third generation, spanning more than 20 models—including those from NIO, BYD, Xiaomi SU7, and Audi—and expanding beyond roofs to side windows. Currently, two mainstream technologies dominate the market: EC electrochromic glass, primarily used for panoramic roofs, offers features like power-off state retention, continuous dimming, high shading capability (up to 99.6% opacity), and exceptional blocking of ultraviolet rays (99.99%) and infrared radiation (97%). Meanwhile, liquid crystal (LC) dye-based smart glass is deployed on side windows, boasting response times as fast as 0.1 seconds and enabling full blackout privacy and zonal independent control. It has already been implemented in models such as the NIO ES9, XPeng GX, Aito M9, and Hongqi S800. As electric vehicles increasingly converge in terms of powertrain performance, range, audio systems, and seating configurations, automakers are shifting focus toward refining subtler user experiences. Panoramic roofs have become standard due to spatial constraints inherent in dedicated EV platforms, yet they exacerbate issues like intense solar exposure—prompting many users to resort to aftermarket tint films or sunshades. Electrochromic glass, integrated during original equipment manufacturing (OEM), directly addresses this pain point while also fulfilling privacy needs in scenarios such as business接待 or in-vehicle rest. Industry trends indicate that features once reliant on the aftermarket—such as dashcams, powered soft-close doors, ambient lighting, and dimmable glass—are now being standardized as factory-installed options. This shift not only enhances consistency in user experience but also reshapes the automotive supply chain. In this context, automotive glass is transforming from a passive component into an interactive terminal within the intelligent cockpit, capable of switching seamlessly across commuting, relaxation, and business modes. Looking ahead, smart glass may further integrate functionalities like photovoltaic power generation, augmented reality, display capabilities, and holistic sensing. However, its development philosophy remains firmly user-centric—aiming to proactively resolve real-world usage challenges. Ultimately, widespread market adoption will hinge on whether consumers are willing to pay a premium for these advanced features.